All of the symptoms you list for finding a stuck caliper are valid. To your question about which position a caliper would stick, usually they stick compressed (contacting the pad) and fail to retract. Test 7 should indicate if a caliper is sticking. Another thought, the caliper on the left may have an air bubble causing it not to compress properly, making the caliper on the right do all of the work. Good luck

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2001 X5 4.4 100% options
2004 M3 cabriolet SMG